Here are quick facts on mass immigration and population growth in the United States. (Updated 2007).

The Census Bureau projects that U.S. population will double this century, practically within the lifetimes of children born today. 70% of this doubling will be due to mass immigration - that is, due to new immigrants and their descendents.

Colorado currently has 4.3 million residents and is the third-fastest growing state in the U.S. Colorado is suffering from overcrowded schools, and traffic, congestion, smog, and sprawl. Every hour, ten acres of our farmland and open space are lost to development.

• Immigration from 1925 to 1965 averaged 178,000 per year. Now, we're taking in approximately 1.1 million legal immigrants and up to 700,000 illegal aliens annually³.
• Under current policy, U.S. population will double this century - practically within the lifetimes of today's children - and will continue to grow².
• In 1995, only 5% of legal immigrants were skilled workers.
• 72% of Black Americans want immigration reduction.
• 1.3 million acres, an area the size of Delaware, are being black topped each year.
• Immigration made sense when we were an empty continent, not now when the ecological carrying capacity of the U.S. is being stretch to its limit⁵.
• Immigrants accounted for more than 45 percent of the growth in Colorado's population in the past two years¹. An estimated 33.1 million immigrants now live in the United States, about 11.5 percent of the total population, according to the report's figures, based on still-unreleased U.S. Census Bureau data collected in March 2002².
   
  In Colorado, the number of immigrants has grown from 8.6 percent of the population two years ago to just under 10 percent now. Of the 165,000 residents new to Colorado between April 2000 and March 2002, 75,000 were born outside the United States, according to Center for Immigration Studies⁷.
   
  Almost 52 percent of immigrant families earn less than two times the official poverty level, while that rate among U.S.-born households is 21.6 percent. Nearly 20 percent of immigrant-headed households in Colorado receive some form of welfare benefit.⁶
• A new report by the Center for Immigration Studies concludes that over 33 million legal immigrants and illegal aliens now live in the United States, an increase of 2 million immigrants since the recent April 2000 Census⁷. How significant is an increate of 33 million people?
  • 33 million is larger than the current population of Canada.
  • 33 million is the combined populations of the 20 largest cities in the U.S in 2000, according to the U.S. Census Bureau: New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, Phoenix, San Diego, Dallas, San Antonio, Detroit, San Jose, Indianapolis, San Francisco, Jacksonville, Columbus, Austin, Baltimore, Memphis, and Milwaukee.
  • 33 million people in the U.S. would require over 12 million housing units⁸, would require 15.8 million more passenger cars⁹, and would consume about 825 million barrels of oil a year (25 barrels per person per year). 33 million Americans will consume all of the economically recoverable oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) in less than four years time.¹⁰
  • 33 million people can be expected to consume 2.26 billion cubic feet of roundwood per year (80 cubic feet per person). Over 75 million acres of forest will be needed to supply 33 million people with their paper and wood needs.¹¹
• Post 1970 immigrants and their descendants have added more than 55 million people to our country; this is the equivalent of absorbing all of Central America in thirty years. Yet Central America's, Mexico's, and China's populations have grown even larger. Clearly, we are not able to address the world's problems by attempting to absorb their excess population.
• The Population Reference Bureau projects the U.S. will add 140 million people to it population between 2002 and 2050, thus increasing the population of the U.S from 287 million to 420 million¹².
• In 2002, the fertility rate of the U.S. was higher than that of 70 other countries, "including less developed China, Korea and Thailand." Indeed, four other less developed countries also have a fertility rate lower than that of the U.S.: Iran, Cuba, Singapore, and Sri Lanka.
• Former U.S. Census Bureau demographer Jeffrey Passel (now with the Urban Institute) issued a conservative estimate there are "at least 8.5 million undocumented foreigners in the United States." This means that the population of illegal aliens in the U.S. is larger than the population of any one of the following 41 states: Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, Massachusetts, Indiana, Washington, Tennessee, Missouri, Wisconsin, Maryland, Arizona, Minnesota, Louisiana, Alabama, Colorado, Kentucky, South Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, Connecticut, Iowa, Mississippi, Kansas, Arkansas, Utah, Nevada, New Mexico, West Virginia, Nebraska, Idaho, Maine, New Hampshire, Hawaii, Rhode Island, Montana, Delaware, South Dakota, North Dakota, Alaska, Vermont, or Wyoming.
• About 70 percent of the foreign-born population in the U.S. in 2000 entered the U.S. after 1980, and more than 40 percent entered the U.S. after 1990. The Select Commission on Immigration and Refugee Policy discussed in 1980 implementing a cap on immigrant admissions of 425,000 per year. In 1982 the "Bumpers Amendment" to cap legal immigrant admissions at this level was nearly passed by the U.S. Senate.¹³ Yet it did not pass, in good part because some senators believed the numbers to be still too high and opposed amnesties for illegal aliens. In 1986, however, an amnesty did pass with no cap on legal immigrant admissions. Today legal immigration alone into the U.S. is running at over twice the level called for in the above-mentioned "Bumpers Amendment".
• Approximately one out of five babies born in the U.S. in 2000 had a foreign-born mother.

More quick facts

Population growth

• U.S. population will double this century, within the lifetimes of children born today. Leaving such a legacy has been described as a hate crime against future generations.
• Colorado's State demographer projects Colorado's population to surge to 7 million by 2030. 60,000 will arrive each year, most moving to the Front Range. The fastest-growing areas include the Western Slope and weld County. (Denver Post article, June 19, 2003).
• Over past 50 years, Colorado's population has tripled in size. In 1950, Colorado had 1.3 million people. In 1980, Colorado;s population was approaching 3 million. Then we added 1 million, about 275 people per day. We now have 4.3 million in 2003.
• Colorado grew 30% in the 1990's - the third fastest-growing state in the U.S., home to 5 of the nation's 10 fastest-growing counties. Metro Denver grew from 2 million to over 2.4 million in the 1990's.
• In the 1990's, natural increase (births minus deaths) accounted for 38% of growth, half of growth was from migration from other states, and remainder was due to secondary migration from other countries. 25% of migration into Colorado in the 1990's came from California. Colorado is Projected to add 1 million people next 10-20 years. (Denver Post article, June 19, 2003).

Schools

• Colorado K-12 enrolment grew by 29% in the 1990's. Colorado's elementary and high school enrollment increased 32% in the 1990's. In the next 10 years, number of students could increase by 100,000 from 790,000 in 2000. We could easily surpass one million students by 2025.
• Colorado spends $50 million per year educating immigrant children from Mexico alone. This will require 5,000 new teachers to be hired annually and building 20 new schools annually. The Rocky Mountain News reported construction and renovation would cost $165-175 million.
• State has proposed $500 million in additional funding for rural schools in the southern part of the state. The number of Spanish-speaking only students has increase five-fold in the past 5 years.Non-English speaking students statewide nearly doubled to 16,715 from 1992-1996, and accounted for nearly all enrolment growth in Aurora, Commerce City, Lamar, 74% of the increase in Denver, and 40%-60% of the increase in Leadville and West Yuma.

Traffic

• 11% of Colorado workers travel more than 40 minutes to work. The commute time likely double by 2025. Denver ranks 5th in the nation for time lost in traffic - estimated at 35 hours per year per commuter. Total cost for this wasted time and fuel is estimated at $1.4 billion each year.
• The Denver Regional Council of Governments (DRCOG) projects a need for 2,300 lane-miles over the next 20 years to prevent congestion. Yet their long-range plan accounts for only half of that required growth.

Water

• Governor's Commission on Saving Open Spaces, Farms, and Ranches found : "Rapid growth, inadequate water supply and extremely dry conditions have left cities thirsty for more water."
• In 2002 Colorado water shortages forced farmers to cut crop yields by 50% and liquidate 70% of their cattle herds.
• A June 21, 2003 Rocky Mountain News article, Do or dry for mountain towns, stated: "During next 30 years, nearly two dozen fast-growing communities in Summit and Grand counties will face water shortages as Front Range cities siphon off larger and larger amounts to quench their thirsts..." "This about allocating the last drop", said Dan Luecke, a water expert.
• "Grand County will quadruple in next 30 to 50 years." And "In Summit County, water use is expected to more than double.
• Colorado may need up to 500,000 new acre-feet of new water within the next 30 years.

U.S. Immigration

• Over 1 million legal immigrants, and approximately 700,000 illegal aliens enter into the U.S. each year. That's 80,000 illegal aliens per month. Currently 9 to 11 million illegal aliens in U.S., double 1994 level.
• Illegal alien population in the U.S. is larger than the populations of any one of a list of 41 U.S. states.
• A quarter-million illegal aliens from Middle-East countries currently live in the U.S., many now entering across the Arizona-Mexico border.
• Colorado ranks 11th in illegal migration, with over 45,000 illegal aliens residing in Colorado in 1996.
• Historically, 178,000 legal per year migrated to the U.S., between 1925-1965. An average of 230,000 legal immigrants per year migrated here between 1776-1976.
• California has practically doubled in population in the last 35 years. 96% of its growth in the 1990's was due to immigration. California now has 35 million, and is larger than most countries of the world.
• A recent Center for Immigration studies report shows 33 million legal immigrants and illegal aliens now reside in the U.S. This 33 million is larger than the entire population of Canada. This 33 million is equal to the combined populations of the 20 largest cities in the U.S.
• Post 1970 immigrants and their descendents have added more than 55 million people to our country - equivalent to absorbing all of Central America, excluding Mexico, in 30 years.
• Colorado's immigrant stock (immigrants and their descendents) was 19.6% in 1997 - the 13th highest in the country.
• Colorado's foreign-born increased 160% during the 1990's.

Economic costs

• 40-50% of wage loss among low-skilled Americans is due to immigration of low-skilled workers.
• 1,880,000 American workers are displaced from their jobs by immigration. The cost for providing welfare and assistance to displaced Americans is over $15 billion/year.
• The net annual cost of immigration is between $67 and $87 per year.
• The National Academy of Sciences found the net fiscal drain on American taxpayers is $166-226 per year for each native household. Even studies showing modest economic gain from immigration ($1-10 billion per year) find it is outweighed by the fiscal cost of $15-20 billion per year.
• Approximately 52% of immigrant families earn less than two times the officil poverty level. Nearly 20% of immigrant-headed households in Colorado receive some form of welfare benefit.

Ski resorts

• As many as 7,000 illegal aliens work at Colorado ski resorts. In Summit County, approximately 10% are foreign-born.

Drugs

• 80% of cocaine and 50% of heroin in the U.S. are smuggled across the border by Mexican nationals.
• Drug cartels spend a half-billion dollars per year bribing corrupt Mexican army and police officials.

Hospitals

• Dozens of hospitals in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California have been forced to close or face bankruptcy because of providing coverage to illegal aliens.

Anchor babies

• There are 287,000-363,000 children born to illegal aliens each year.
• In 1994, California paid for 74,987 deliveries to illegal alien mothers at a total cost of $215.2 million.
• Illegal alien mothers accounted for 36% of all Medi-Cal funded births in California in 1994.
• Losses are approximately $79 million in California, $74 million in Texas, $31 million in Arizona, and $6 million in New Mexico.
• In Colorado, Medicaid paid approximately $30 million in costs for approximately 6,000 illegal alien mothers, 40% of all births paid for by Medicaid in Colorado. These 6,000 anchor babies immediately became U.S. citizens and qualified for full Medicaid services, with a cost yet to be determined.

Prisons

• Taxpayers pay half a billion dollars per year incarcerating illegal alien criminals. This costs Colorado taxpayers approximately $14 million annually.

Transfer of wealth

• $60 billion earned by illegal aliens in the U.S. each year.
• $10 billion are sent back to Mexico annually, equal to the amount Mexico earns from tourism.

Sprawl

• Denver has the fourth worst sprawl in the nation, according to Fannie Mae Foundation.
• Housing costs for the elderly have increase to more than 50% of their average income.
• Colorado workers who make minimum wage must work 124 hours per week in order to afford a two-bedroom apartment.
• Approximately 1 acre of open land is lost through urbanization and degradation for each person added to the U.S. - about 3 million people and therefore 3 million acres lost each year.
• Yet many experts agree on a sustainable population of 150 million in the U.S.
• In Colorado, every hour, 10 acres of farmland and open space are lost to development.
• Colorado's population density rose from 32 people per square mile in 1990 to 41 people per square mile in 2000, a 28% increase.
• Each year, Colorado loses 22,500 acres of open space and farmland tue to development.
• Colorado has the 2nd largest growth in housing development in the nation.

Nations originally controlling the western United States

• In the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819, the U.S. ceded to Spain the possession of Texas, California and New Mexico (lands included present-day Nevada, Utah, Arizona parts of Wyoming and Colorado). Other territories, including the Oregon territory, were ceded to the U.S. by Spain.
• Mexico was not an independent nation until 1821.
• By 1836 the Republic of Texas had established itself separate from Mexico and by 1846 Mexican control of California was in considerable question. Except (arguably) for the Civil War, Texas has been part of the United States since 1846.
• In the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the U.S. paid Mexico approximately $20 million for all of present-day California, Nevada, and Utah, and parts of present-day Arisona, Colorado, New Mexico and Wyoming. The nation of Mexico by then had officially controlled California and the mentioned territories for less than thirty years.
• Los Angeles was named by Father Juan Crespi, a Spanish Franciscan priest and missionary who was born in Palma. He hailed from Europe.
• San Antonio was named "San Antonio de Padua" by Spaniard Domingo Teran de los Rios in 1691. Teran, remembered today as the first provincial governor of Texas, was a member of the Spanish military who previously had spent twenty years in Spanish service in Peru.
• San Francisco was named by Portuguese explorer Sebastian Rodriguez Cermeno, who claimed it for Spain.

References

1. Population Environment Balance
2. U.S. Census Bureau.
3. NumbersUSA.com, and Center for Immigration Studies.
4. SUSPS data and numbers.
5. EcoFuture Ecological Footprint references.
6. Immigrants account for 45% of Colorados growth, by Michael Riley, The Denver Post, November 27, 2002.
7. Immigrants in the United States - 2002 - A Snapshot of America's Foreign-Born Population, by Steven A. Camarota, Center for Immigration Studies, November, 2002.
8. The Impact of Immigration on U.S. Population Growth, Steven Camarota, Center for Immigration Studies, Testimony prepared for the U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration, Border Security, and Claims, August 2,2001.
9. Population and Natural Resources, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2000.
10. Drilling For Oil in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Won't Address National Security or Consumer Needs, Sierra Club; and U.S. Per-Capita Use of Petroleum Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Review 1997, DOE/EIA.
11. Indicator 29 - Value and volume of wood and wood products production, including value added through downstream, 2003 National Report on Sustainable Forest Management, USDA Forest Service; and Indicator 31 - Supply and consumption of wood and wood products, including consumption per capita, 2003 National Report on Sustainable Forest Management, USDA Forest Service.
12. What Drives U.S. Population Growth?, Population Reference Bureau, December, 2002.
13. 97th Congress State Record Vote Analysis, 1982.

The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) of 1986 prohibits employers from knowingly hiring illegal workers. To comply with this law, employers must collect information regarding an employee's identity and employment eligibility and document that information on Form I-9. An employee must provide certain information on the form, such as name and date of birth, as well as present supporting documents.

E-Verify is an Internet-based system that allows businesses to determine the eligibility of their employees to work in the United States. E-Verify offers employers a powerful tool in protecting themselves against those who try to cheat the system. The E-verify program verifies the status of newly hired employees, while the IMAGE certification program examines older hiring records in order to detect phony documents used by illegal alien workers.

E-Verify is fast, free and easy to use, and it's the best way employers can ensure a legal workforce. E-Verify compares information from an employee's Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification, to data from U.S. Department of Homeland Security and Social Security Administration records to confirm employment eligibility.

U.S. law requires companies to employ only individuals who may legally work in the United States - either U.S. citizens, or foreign citizens who have the necessary authorization.

More than 409,000 employers, large and small, across the United States use E-Verify to check the employment eligibility of their employees, with about 1,300 new businesses signing up each week.

While participation in E-Verify is voluntary for most businesses, some companies may be required by state law or federal regulation to use E-Verify. For example, most employers in Arizona and Mississippi are required to use E-Verify. E-Verify is also mandatory for employers with federal contracts or subcontracts that contain the Federal Acquisition Regulation E-Verify clause.

E-Verify's most impressive features are its speed and accuracy. E-Verify is the only service that verifies employees' data against millions of government records and provides results within seconds. There's no other program that provides the same peace of mind in such little time.

E-Verify compares the information an employee provides on Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification, against millions of government records and generally provides results in three to five seconds. If the information matches, that employee is eligible to work in the United States. If there's a mismatch, E-Verify will alert the employer and the employee will be allowed to work while he or she resolves the problem.

How E-Verify works

E-Verify is closely linked to Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification, and exists to strengthen the Form I-9 employment eligibility verification process that all employers, by law, must follow. While participation in E-Verify is voluntary for most employers, completion of Form I-9 is required of all employers.

E-Verify works by comparing information entered from an employee's Form I-9 to 455 million Social Security Administration (SSA) records and 80 million U.S. Department of Homeland Security records.

U.S. Department of Homeland Security databases contain records about employment-based visas, immigration and naturalization status, and U.S. passport issuance, which allow E-Verify to compare information against a wide variety of sources.

By adding E-Verify to the existing Form I-9 employment eligibility verification process, a company can benefit from the peace of mind of knowing that it maintains a legal workforce.

Before a company can use E-Verify to verify the employment eligibility of its employees, the company and employee must first complete Form I-9. All of the Form I-9 rules that companies followed before signing up for E-Verify still apply with two exceptions.

• Employees must provide their Social Security numbers on Form I-9. (Providing a Social Security number on Form I-9 is voluntary unless the employer participates in E-Verify.)
• Any List B document that employees present must contain a photo. (Some List B documents without photos are acceptable unless the employer participates in E-Verify.)

Once Form I-9 is completed, the company enters the information from Form I-9 into E Verify. Depending on the documents an employee provides, the employer may have to compare a photo displayed on a computer screen to the photo on the employee's document. The photos should match, which ensures the document photo is genuine and hasn't been altered.

Once the information has been entered and submitted, E-Verify will compare it against millions of government records. If the information entered matches, E-Verify will return an "Employment Authorized" result. This confirms the employee is authorized to work in the United States. After printing the results page and attaching it to the employee's Form I-9 (or recording the employee's E-Verify case verification number on the form itself), the employer simply closes the case to complete the E-Verify process.

If there is  a mismatch, E-Verify will return a "Tentative Nonconfirmation (TNC)" result. If this happens, the employer needs to print and review a notice with the employee that explains the cause of the mismatch and what it means for the employee.

If the employee decides to contest the mismatch, the employer will refer the case in E-Verify to the appropriate agency (either the U.S. Department of Homeland Security or Social Security Administration) and print a letter that it must give to the employee. The letter contains important instructions and contact information that the employee will need to resolve the mismatch. The employee then has eight federal government work days from the date the case was referred in E-Verify to resolve the problem.

E-Verify will alert the employer of an update in the employee's case. If the employee successfully resolves the mismatch, E-Verify will return a result of employment authorized. If the employee doesn't resolve the mismatch, E-Verify will return a final nonconfirmation result. Only after an employee receives a final nonconfirmation may an employer terminate an employee based on E-Verify.

In rare cases, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security or the Social Security Administration might need more time to verify the employee's employment eligibility.

When this happens, E-Verify will return a case in continuance result. When an employee's case is in continuance the employer must allow the employee to continue to work until E-Verify gives a final result of "Employment Authorized" or a "Final Nonconfirmation."

This page provides general information about E-Verify and is meant to provide an overview of the program. For instructions and policy guidance, visit the For Employers and For Employees sections of the website.

Business-Friendly E-Verify Features

Companies are already required by law to complete Form I-9 for each newly hired employee, and E-Verify works seamlessly with the Form I-9 process to confirm employment eligibility.

• Secure 24-hour access: Access E-Verify anytime, anywhere with no special software required. All that is needed is a Web browser and Internet access.
• Instant results: Employment eligibility results for most employees are displayed in three to five seconds.
• Error checking: E-Verify can alert employees to mismatches and possible errors in their government records. Clearing up errors sooner rather than later saves employees time and frustration down the road.
• Photo matching: E-Verify features a photo matching tool to combat document fraud and ensure the documents that employees present are genuine.
• Compliance peace of mind: Companies that properly use E-Verify get a rebuttable presumption that they are in compliance with Form I-9 and employment eligibility laws.
• User access flexibility: With two different user roles to choose from, companies can select what their users can see and do in E-Verify.
• Usage reports: E-Verify offers companies the ability to monitor usage to assist with their compliance efforts.
• Implementation flexibility: With E-Verify, companies can decide their participation on a location-by-location basis (state laws and federal regulations may limit use of this feature).
• Support for large companies: E-Verify offers features through its corporate administrator access method that allow companies to link and manage their locations that use E-Verify.
• Interactive training: E-Verify offers a comprehensive online tutorial as well as quick reference guides, user manuals and other publications to assist users.
• Customer service: You're never on your own with E-Verify. E-Verify customer support is available to provide you with technical and program assistance.

For more information, see US Citizenship and Immigration Services E-Verify resources.

Exponential growth is growth that occurs at a constant rate, such as an investment that grows at an annual 7 percent rate. The Rule of 70 provides a quick and easy way to determine how long it will take for an amount to double at a given growth rate. Simply divide the percentage number into 70 to obtain the approximate number of years required to double. A more detailed description is given below.

Populations can grow at a constant rate, thus the Rule of 70 can be used to approximate the doubling time of a population that is growing at a fixed rate of growth. 

Human population has generally grown in an exponential manner throughout human history, and projections of exponential doubling times have been applicable.

Current dynamics of population growth are more complex and population growth can no longer be considered to be precisely exponential. Population issues of the 21^st Century include migration and immigration, aging, Baby Boomers and the youth bulge, as well as continued population growth in developing countries - all of which result in pressure on sustaining resources and the environment.

Many countries will continue to double their population. The United States is projected to double its population this century, practically within the lifetimes of children born today. Therefore it is appropriate to reference the time in which these countries will double their population. Doubling time is perhaps the most illuminating manner of presenting population growth to the lay person. However, it should be noted that the explanations below refer to a constant rate of growth, which as we note, is not as applicable to countries now as it was in the past.

Exponential Growth

A quantity grows exponentially when its increase is proportional to what is already there. A common example is compound interest, where $100 invested at 7% per year annual compound interest will double in 10 years. Similarly, if a population grows at 7% per year, it, too, will double in 10 years.

Exponential growth has surprising consequences. $100 invested at a 7% annual return will double in 10 years to approximately $200, double in another 10 years to approximately $400, and double again in the next 10 years to approximately $800. Significant gains can be made by simply relying on exponential growth over time. One way of saying this is that the longer you wait on your investment, the faster your returns come in. In the following graph, you can see that over time, returns increase dramatically.

There are also clear disadvantages to exponential growth. When populations continue to grow, the impact of growth becomes increasingly significant over time. Because of the nature of exponential growth, "when things get bad, they get bad in a hurry".

Consider a city with 100,000 people, growing at 7% per year. In 10 years, the population will double to 200,000 people, in another 10 years it will double again to 400,000 people, and ten years after that it will double again to 800,000 people. The following graph shows this exponential population growth. The shape of the curve is identical to the interest rate graph above!

The Rule of 70

The Rule of 70 states that to find the doubling time of a quantity growing at a given annual percentage rate, divide the percentage number into 70 to obtain the approximate number of years required to double. For example, at a 10% annual growth rate, doubling time is 70 / 10 = 7 years.

Similarly, to get the annual growth rate, divide 70 by the doubling time. For example, 70 / 14 years doubling time = 5, or a 5% annual growth rate.

Doubling times

The following table shows some common doubling times:

Understanding Exponential Growth

World Population Balance has prepared an excellent interactive tutorial on exponential growth: Understanding Exponential Growth.

The Math Behind the Rule of 70

The use of natural logs arises from integrating the basic differential equation for exponential growth: dN/dt = rN, over the period from t=0 to t = the time period in question, where N is the quantity growing and r is the growth rate.

The integral of that equation is:

N(t) = N(0) x ert

where N(t) is the size of a quantity after t intervals have elapsed, N(0) is the initial value of the quantity, e is the base of the natural logarithm, r is the average growth rate over the interval in question, and t is the number of intervals. Natural logarithms (that is, logarithms to the base e) come in from this integration. Natural logs are sometimes abbreviated ln to distinguish them from "common" logarithms of base 10.

In our case, t is usually given in years and r is the average annual growth rate. However, the formula works for seconds, weeks, centuries, etc.

The ratio of the final to the initial values of N is N(t)/N(0), and is equal to ert power. (Dividing through by N(0).)

The natural logarithm of the ratio N(t)/N(0) is equal to rt. (Taking the natural log of e raised to a power is simply the power itself.)

The growth rate r is then given by natural log N(t)/N(0) divided by t.

Alternatively, if one knows the final and initial values of N and the average growth rate, one can find the time it takes at that average growth rate for the quantity to grow from its initial value to the final value.

t = ln [ N(t)/N(0) ] / r

A special case is the doubling time, which is the time when N(t)/N(0) = 2, that is the quantity has doubled from its initial value. At that point

rt = ln 2 = 0.69

If one knows the growth rate as a decimal fraction, then the doubling time t2 = 0.69 / r.

If the growth rate is given in percent, then 0.69 must be multiplied by 100, and the doubling time = 69/r. This is the origin of the rule of 70, i.e., 69 is rounded up to 70.

For the results to be accurate, all of these calculations assume that the growth rate remains unchanged throughout the interval in question, that is, that the growth is exponential at the average rate for the entire period. Most quantities don't really grow that way (compound interest is an exception), so this method is generally an approximation for the real world.

When considering growth over a period of years, it is important to note that taking the natural logarithm of the ratio of the final value to the initial value and dividing by the time period in years gives the average annual growth rate.

For example, metro Denver population grew 15% from 1990 to 1996. The simple arithmetic average of growth is 2.5% per year (15% / 6 years = 2.5%/year). Strictly speaking the rule of 70 applies to exponential growth, which means that the compound average population growth rate must be divided into 70 to get the doubling time.

The compound average growth rate involves natural logarithms. To find the compound growth rate, take the natural log of the ratio of the final to the initial populations and divide this by 6 years. 15% growth means that the ratio of final to initial populations is 1.15. (The final population is 115% of the initial population, considered to be 100%; 115% / 100% = 1.15.) The natural log of 1.15 is 0.14. Dividing 0.14 by 6 years = 0.023/year, or an average geometric increase of 2.3% / year.

Finally, divide 70 by 2.3 to give a doubling time of 30 years.

US Population

China and India are the world's two most populous countries. The United States, with a population of over 315 million is the third most populated country. (See the Census Bureau population clock). The US has highest population growth rate of all industrialized countries.¹

Fertility - Children per Woman

Fertility is defined as the average number of children per woman over the woman's lifetime. Fertility tends to be higher in less developed countries than in industrialized countries.

Replacement level fertility in the United States is approximately 2.1 children per woman (slightly higher than 2 because of child mortality). Women in the United States voluntarily achieved replacement level fertility in 1972. Yet US population has continued to grow because of two factors: mass immigration and population momentum.

Population Momentum

Population momentum is the tendency for population to continue to grow even after replacement-level fertility (2.1 children per woman) has been achieved. It is caused by a relatively high concentration of people in their childbearing years - that is, by a population that is age-biased toward youth.

It takes a period of time equal to the average life expectancy (approximately three generations or 73 years in the U.S.) for a reduction in fertility to be manifested as a change in actual population numbers. The following graph shows how population keeps growing long after fertility is reduced.

U.S. fertility first dropped to slightly below replacement level fertility in 1972. Because of population momentum, however, U.S. population would have continued to increase to 255 million by 2020 - without any additional immigration - and then would have gradually declined.^2,3,4

It is therefore crucial that this time delay be considered when targeting future population numbers and that steps to reduce fertility are taken sooner rather than later. Any attempt to achieve U.S. population stabilization must consider the long-term impact of both birth rates as well as immigration.

Precise definitions of terms

Fertility:

(1) The actual reproductive performance of an individual, a couple, a group, or a population. See general fertility rate.

(2) The term fertility is used instead of natality when births are put in relation with the number of women of fertile age. The fertility of a generation can be summarized by completed fertility and mean age at childbirth, whereas the total period fertility rate measures the fertility rate for the year.

General Fertility Rate: The number of live births per 1,000 women ages 15-44 or 15-49 years in a given year.

Total Fertility Rate (TFR):

(1) The average number of children that would be born alive to a woman (or group of women) during her lifetime if she were to pass through her childbearing years conforming to the age-specific fertility rates of a given year. This rate is sometimes stated as the number of children women are having today. See also gross reproduction rate and net reproduction rate.

(2) An estimate of the average number of children that would be born to each woman if the current age-specific birth rates remained constant.

(3) A hypothetical estimate of completed fertility. It indicates how many births a woman would have by the end of her reproductive life, if, for all of her childbearing years, she was to experience the age-specific birth rates for that given year. (From U.S. Census Bureau Fertility of American Women: June 2000).

References

1. Population Reference Bureau World Population Data Sheet, various years. 

2. Demographer Leon Bouvier, Tulane University, www.NumbersUSA.com "U.S. Overpopulation Facts".

3. National Audubon Society Population and Habitat Campaign Fact sheet on population momentum. 

4. U.S. Birth Rates and Population Growth, www.SUSPS.org.

How to report Social Security fraud

• Use the Social Security Administration online Fraud Reporting form;
• Call the Fraud Hotline number at 1-800-269-0271 (TTY 1-866-501-2101) between 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday;
• Fax the SSA at: 410-597-0118, or
• Write to: Social Security OIG Hotline
  P.O. Box 17785
  Baltimore, Maryland 21235-7785.

For more information, see Reporting Social Security fraud.

How to report tax fraud

If you suspect or know of an individual or company that is not complying with tax law, you may report this activity by completing IRS Form 3949-A. You may fill out Form 3949-A online, print it and mail it to:

• Internal Revenue Service
• Fresno, CA 93888

If you do not wish to use Form 3949-A, you may send a letter to the address above. Please include the following information, if available:

• Name and address of the person you are reporting
• The taxpayer identification number (social security number for an individual or employer identification number for a business)
• A brief description of the alleged violation, including how you became aware of or obtained the information
• The years involved
• The estimated dollar amount of any unreported income
• Your name, address and daytime telephone number

Although you are not required to identify yourself, it is helpful to do so. Your identity can be kept confidential.

For more information, see How Do You Report Suspected Tax Fraud Activity?

How to report illegal aliens

If you suspect someone of being an illegal alien who snuck into our country and evaded apprehension at our border, you can quickly and easily file a report to government agencies at the (non-government) website www.ReportIllegals.com. Depending on the data you provide, ReportIllegals.com will in most cases file a report to ICE and in many cases to federal agencies such as CIS, CBP, DOL, DEA, DSS, FBI, HUD, IRS, SSA, TSA, or other foreign, federal, state, county and local governmental agencies.

To report suspected illegal aliens directly, contact:

Contact the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (CIS, formerly INS), under the Dept of Homeland Security.

You can call the CIS National Service Center at 1-800-375-5283 to find your local office to report illegal aliens. Note that the default language of this U.S. government office is some foreign language - not English! Press 1 to speak in English, the native language of the United States of America. Then press 9 to speak to a real person. They should be able to help find a local office to take the report.

Also, see the article: "How To Report Illegal Aliens - Updated DHS Version!"

Section 274A of the Immigration and Nationality Act requires employers to verify that all employees are authorized to work and have established their identities using the Form I-9.

The IMAGE program was created in 2006, as a joint government and private sector initiative designed to build cooperative relationships that strengthen hiring practices and encourage employer compliance. The IMAGE program is is a voluntary partnership initiative between the federal government and private sector employers, designed to strengthen overall hiring practices. The program provides for employer self-compliance within the workplace, by which employers can achieve a lawful workforce via self-policing of their hiring practices.

IMAGE is a phony document detection service developed by  ICE to offer assistance to employers seeking to avoid hiring illegal aliens. While the E-verify program verifies the status of newly hired employees, the IMAGE system examines older hiring records

Illegal aliens drawn to the United States in search of jobs. By law, U.S. companies face fines and owners face possible imprisonment if they violate laws related to employment and employment eligibility. The IMAGE program serves to foster improved relations with private sector employers, and to help employers to better understand their legal responsibilities when hiring.

While industry self-policing will allow ICE to focus on other aspects of its homeland security mission, the use of voluntary-only workplace enforcement has its obvious pitfalls.

IMAGE was designed as a partnership initiative between the government and private sector employers. To that end, ICE is committed to working with IMAGE participants in the following ways:

• ICE will waive potential fines if substantive violations are discovered on fewer than 50 percent of the required Forms I-9.
• In instances where more than 50 percent of the Forms I-9 contain substantive violations, ICE will mitigate fines or issue fines at the statutory minimum of $110 per violation.
• ICE will not conduct another Form I-9 inspection of the company for a two-year period.
• ICE will provide information and training before, during and after inspection.

What happens if an employer correctly complete an I-9 form and perform an E-Verify query and ICE subsequently determines the individual to be unauthorized to work in the U.S.?

• E-Verify is an Web-based system that compares information from an employee's Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification, to data from U.S Department of Homeland Security and Social Security Administration records to confirm employment eligibility.

If the employee presented the employer with documents that reasonably appeared to be genuine and relate to the employee presenting them, the employer can not be charged with a verification violation. This type of circumstance underscores the importance of why ICE is advocating participation in E-Verify for all employers.

Benefits of using IMAGE

• By following the prescribed steps of IMAGE, a company could lessen the likelihood of being found in violation of employment laws. IMAGE participation may be considered a mitigating factor in the determination of civil penalty (fine) amounts should they be levied.
• IMAGE membership can enhance a corporate image by associating a company with sound hiring practices.
• IMAGE helps secure the homeland by reducing opportunities to inadvertently hire unauthorized illegal alien workers.
• Public recognition of the employer�s IMAGE certification;
• Avoidance of lawsuits and other legal actions resulting from unauthorized employment;
• Brand name protection;
• Fine mitigation;
• A stable workforce;
• No Form I-9 inspection for a minimum of two years;
• ICE provided training and guidance on proper hiring procedures and fraudulent document awareness

Streamlined IMAGE certification process

Under the streamlined IMAGE certification process, employers will:

1. Enroll in the E-Verify program within 60 days;
2. Establish a written hiring and employment eligibility verification policy that includes internal Form I-9 audits at least once per year; and
3. Submit to a Form I-9 inspection.

In return, ICE agrees to:

1. Waive potential fines if substantive violations are discovered on fewer than 50% of the required Forms I-9;
2. In instances where more than 50% of the Forms I-9 contain substantive violations, mitigate fines or issue at the statutory minimum of $110 per violation;
3. Not conduct another Form I-9 inspection of the company for a two-year period; and
4. Provide information and training

IMAGE best employment practices

1. Use E-Verify, the DHS employment eligibility verification program, to verify the employment eligibility of all new hires.
2. Use the Social Security Number Verification Service (SSNVS) for wage reporting purposes. Make a good faith effort to correct and verify the names and Social Security numbers of the current workforce and work with employees to resolve any discrepancies.
3. Establish a written hiring and employment eligibility verification policy.
4. Establish an internal compliance and training program related to the hiring and employment verification process, including completion of Form I-9, how to detect fraudulent use of documents in the verification process, and how to use E-Verify and SSNVS.
5. Require the Form I-9 and E-Verify process to be conducted only by individuals who have received appropriate training and include a secondary review as part of each employee�s verification to minimize the potential for a single individual to subvert the process.
6. Arrange for annual Form I-9 audits by an external auditing firm or a trained employee not otherwise involved in the Form I-9 process.
7. Establish a procedure to report to ICE credible information of suspected criminal misconduct in the employment eligibility verification process.
8. Ensure that contractors and/or subcontractors establish procedures to comply with employment eligibility verification requirements. Encourage contractors and/or subcontractors to incorporate IMAGE Best Practices and when practicable incorporate the use of E-Verify in subcontractor agreements.
9. Establish a protocol for responding to letters or other information received from federal and state government agencies indicating that there is a discrepancy between the agency�s information and the information provided by the employer or employee (for example, �no match� letters received from the Social Security Administration) and provide employees with an opportunity to make a good faith effort to resolve the discrepancy when it is not due to employer error.
10. Establish a tip line mechanism (inbox, email, etc.) for employees to report activity relating to the employment of unauthorized workers, and a protocol for responding to credible employee tips.
11. Establish and maintain appropriate policies, practices and safeguards to ensure that authorized workers are not treated differently with respect to hiring, firing, or recruitment or referral for a fee or during the Form I-9, E-Verify or SSNVS processes because of citizenship status or national origin.
12. Maintain copies of any documents accepted as proof.

For more information, see ICE information on IMAGE certification.

Send Letters to the Editor regarding mass immigration, population, and sustainability. Letters to the Editor (LTE) should be short - approximately 150 words. However, some newspapers will publish longer letters. Opinion pieces (op-eds) are typically 700 words.

Here is an example of a well-researched and well-written 500 word LTE: Gang of Eight Bill a Disaster.

Here is where to send Letters to the Editor in Colorado - these are the major newspapers. Most newspapers require that letters the author's full name, address and daytime phone number for verification (but street address, email, and phone will not be published). Anonymous or pen name letters generally will not be accepted.

Denver: Denver Post
101 W. Colfax Ave, Denver, Colorado, 80202
303.954.1010
www.denverpost.com
Send letters to: openforum@denverpost.com

Boulder: Daily Camera
5450 Western Ave., Boulder, Colorado 80301
303.442.1202
www.dailycamera.com
Send letters to: openforum@dailycamera.com

Colorado Springs: Gazette
30 S. Prospect, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80903
719.632.5511
www.gazette.com
Send letters to opinion@gazette.com
or submit letters to the editor

Ft Collins: Coloradoan
1300 Riverside Ave., Fort Collins, Colorado 80524
www.coloradoan.com
Submit letters to the editor

Glenwood Springs: Post Independent
824 Grand Ave, Glenwood Springs, Colorado 81601
970.945.8515
www.postindependent.com
Send letters to: dmunro@postindependent.com

Glenwood Springs / Rifle: Citizen Telegram
125 West 4th Street,Suite 206, Rifle, Colorado 81650
970.384.9171
www.postindependent.com
Send letters to the Citizen Telegram: news@citizentelegram.com

Grand Junction: Free Press
145 N. Fourth St., Grand Junction, Colorado 81501
970.243.2200
www.postindependent.com
Send letters to: editor@gjfreepress.com

Grand Junction: Grand Junction Sentinel
734 S. Seventh St., Grand Junction, Colorado 81501
970.242.5050
www.gjsentinel.com
Send letters to: letters@gjsentinel.com
Or submit letters to the editor

What is the Secure Communities Program (SCP)?

Secure Communities is a program administered by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). It now only focuses its limited resources on those who have been arrested for breaking criminal laws. Simply being unlawfully present in the United States will not gain the attention of ICE under the Secure Communities Program.^1,4

Secure Communities is a way to carry out ICE's priorities. It uses an already-existing federal information-sharing partnership between ICE and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) that helps to identify criminal aliens without imposing new or additional requirements on state and local law enforcement. For decades, local jurisdictions have shared the fingerprints of individuals who are arrested or booked into custody with the FBI to see if they have a criminal record.

Under Secure Communities, the FBI automatically sends the fingerprints to DHS to check against its immigration databases. If these checks reveal that an individual is unlawfully present in the United States or otherwise removable (can be deported) due to a criminal conviction, ICE takes enforcement action – prioritizing the removal (deporting) of individuals who present the most significant threats to public safety as determined by the severity of their crime, their criminal history, and other factors – as well as those who have repeatedly violated immigration laws.

Secure Communities imposes no new or additional requirements on state and local law enforcement. The federal government, not the state or local law enforcement agency, determines what immigration enforcement action, if any, is appropriate.

State and local jurisdictions cannot opt out of Secure Communities. A jurisdiction may choose not to receive the identifications that result from processing the fingerprints through DHS's biometric system that are provided to the local ICE field office. In the past, this option has been mischaracterized as a mechanism for a jurisdiction to opt out of the program. In fact, a jurisdiction's decision not to receive this information directly does not affect whether the local ICE field office in that jurisdiction will or will not take enforcement action based on those results.²

Only federal DHS officers make immigration enforcement decisions, and they do so only after an individual is arrested for a criminal violation of local, state, or federal law, separate and apart from any violations of immigration law.

Secure Communities Program limitations under the Obama administration

The Secure Communities Program has been significantly weakened under the Obama administration.

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) receives annual appropriations from Congress sufficient to remove a limited number of the more than 10 million [to 40 million] individuals estimated to be in the U.S. who lack lawful status or are removable because of a criminal conviction. Given this reality, ICE must set priorities.

Under the Obama administration, ICE has set clear priorities for immigration enforcement focused on identifying and removing those aliens with criminal convictions. In addition to criminal aliens, ICE focuses on recent illegal entrants, repeat violators who game the immigration system, those who fail to appear at immigration hearings, and fugitives who have already been ordered removed by an immigration judge.

Between fiscal years 2008 and 2011 the number of convicted criminals that ICE removed from the United States increased by 89 percent, while the number of non-criminals removed dropped by 29 percent - from 25 percent in 2008 to 4 percent in 2012. According to ICE, deportations of "other" (non-criminal) removable illegal aliens was only 14,674 in 2012, or 4 percent of all removals.³

Secure Communities Program deficiencies

The SCP is a purely an administrative creation and is not a program established by act of Congress. Therefore, it can be modified or discontinued by the President or Secretary of the Interior at any time. 

Enforcement of the Secure Communities Program is dependent on two factors:

1. Crimes that partisan bureaucrats in the Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency consider worthy of detention and deportation.  As noted above, as of first quarter 2013, this only includes violent crimes, not serial DUIs or other misdemeanors.
    
2. Actions, if any, that local sheriffs choose to take in response to the information provided by federal authorities.

An important point is that all such decisions are purely discretionary. A local sheriff can completely ignore the information ICE provides about his jail inmates who are illegal aliens - and yet that sheriff would still be in full compliance with SCP.

For example, if the Denver County Sheriff chooses to disregard a notification that one of his jail inmates is an illegal alien who has been twice deported and is wanted for felony reentry, and the sheriff then releases that illegal alien on bond, the sheriff is not in violation of federal law.

Secure Communities Program notes

1. Secure Communities, ICE, April 1, 2013.

2. Secure Communities: Get the Facts, ICE, April 1, 2013.

3. Secure Communities Program Removal Statistics, ICE, April 1, 2013.

4. Democrats plot to betray citizens on amnesty, Tom Tancredo, March 30, 2013.

The following data are current as of May, 2013

Unemployment in Colorado

The following data were updated as of  2007

Colorado currently has over 4.3 million residents and is the third-fastest growing state in the U.S. Colorado grew by over 30% in the 1990's and is projected to increase by a million people in the next 10 years. Colorado is suffering from overcrowded schools, and traffic, congestion, smog, and sprawl. Every hour, ten acres of its farmland and open space are lost to development.

What is causing population growth and associated sprawl across the U.S.? The Census Bureau projects that U.S. population will double this century, practically within the lifetimes of children born today. 70% of this doubling will be due to mass immigration - that is, due to new immigrants and their descendents.

Additional Colorado data

Population Density:
People per square mile in 1990: 31.8
People per square mile in 2000: 41.5

Historical Resident Population, 1860 to 2000

Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Produced by Negative Population Growth

Population by County as of April 1, 2001

Source: U.S. Census Bureau
Compiled by Negative Population Growth

Excerpts from NPG's report Colorado's Population in 2050: A Road Paved with Good Intentions:

For additional information, data, graphs, and projections, see the following:

• Nativity and Place of Birth - Colorado 2000 Census, from the Colorado Demography Office. This table shows the percentage of native- and foreign-born in each Colorado city.

• FAIR Colorado data - an extensive reference page

• Colorado's Population in 2050 - A Road Paved with Good Intentions, by Leon F. Bouvier and Sharon McCloe Stein, Population-Environment Balance, 2001.

The following graph shows that even though the U.S. had started to achieve a stable population in 1970, mass immigration is driving our population ever upwards.

Sources: US Census Bureau; demographer Leon Bouvier;
Roy Beck, Numbers USA

The top line of the above graph shows actual US population from 1970 to 1993, and the US Census Bureau "medium projection" of total population size from 1994 to 2050. It assumes fertility, mortality, and mass immigration levels will remain similar to 1993. In fact, overall immigration has continued to rise significantly, meaning that population growth will actually be higher than shown here.

The green lower portion of the graph represents growth from 1970 Americans and their descendants. There were 203 million people living in the US in 1970. The projection of growth in 1970-stock Americans and their descendants from 1994 to 2050 is based on recent native-born fertility and mortality rates. This growth would occur despite below replacement-level fertility rates because of population momentum, where current and future children of the current generation will grow up to have their own children, all during the lifetime of the current generation. Nevertheless, this segment of Americans is on track to peak at 247 million in 2030 and then gradually decline.

The red upper portion of the graph represents the difference between the number of 1970-stock Americans and the total population. The tens of millions of people represented by this block are the immigrants who have arrived, or are projected to arrive, since 1970, plus their descendents, minus deaths. They are projected to comprise 90% of all US population growth between 1993 and 2050.

See the NumbersUSA website at www.numbersusa.com for a more thorough and interesting presentation of these facts.

The following table shows how the current level of mass immigration vastly exceeds traditional levels.

* Projections and graph courtesy Population Environment Balance, email uspop at balance dot org
Sources: US Census Bureau; Statistical Yearbook, Immigration and Naturalization Service
Averages: 178,000 per year from 1925-1965, 195,000 per year from 1921-1970

History shows the U.S. has traditionally allowed relatively small numbers to immigrate, thus allowing for decades of assimilation. After the peak of about 8.7 million in the first decade of the 20th century, numbers went steadily down. Immigration averaged only 178,000 per year from 1925 through 1965!

Here are some books on immigration, population, and sustainability that you might find interesting. This is not an exhaustive list, but it is a fairly comprehensive selection.

    Illegal Entries by retired Border Patrol Special Agent John Slagle, ISBN 4-4140-4327-9. Available through AuthorHouse.com for $12.50 paperback; $4.50 electronic version.

Illegal Entries is about the U.S. Border Patrol, illegal immigration, narcotics interdictions, terrorist factions and failed political policies spanning three decades. The book recounts first-hand field experience and provides an explanation of why 10 to 12 million illegal aliens are now in the US. Politicians from both parties in Congress, in a quest for cheap labor and votes, created the monster that is devouring the United States from within.

    Alien Nation: Common Sense About America's Immigration Disaster, Peter Brimelow; 1996, Harper Perennial Publishers (351p, $13).
Brimelow, an immigrant, maintains that besides the ill effects present immigration has on law enforcement, social service provision, public health, and the environment, it is undermining the sense of the U.S. as a nation. Throughout American history, immigration has occurred, not continuously, but in several waves that have alternated with long periods of assimilation--this is the pattern that built the nation and that the immigration tsunami touched off by the 1965 Immigration Act and complicated by the political resistance to assimilation known as multiculturalism has broken. The U.S. badly needs to drastically reduce immigration now, absorb the last 30 years' worth of new Americans, and rethink its immigration policies. (From Booklist, March 15, 1995).

  America Balkanized: Immigration's Challenge to Government, Brent A. Nelson; American Immigration Control Foundation, Box 525, Monterey, VA 24465, ISBN 0936247142 (148p, $10).

   Americans No More, The Death Of Citizenship Georgie Anne Geyer; Atlantic Monthly Press, 1996, ISBN 0-87113-650-3, (352p, $23).
A controversial but much-needed book asking the questions posed by our founding fathers: "What makes an American citizen? Who belongs to the American polity, and why?"

  Blurred Boundaries: Migration, Ethnicity, Citizenship, Rainer Baubock (Ed.), John Rundell (Ed.); Ashgate Publishing, 1999, ISBN 1840148934, ($42).
From the publisher: The underlying theme of the book are new forms of cultural diversity which result from migration and globalization. The book addresses two tasks: 1) To compare different national contexts and types of ethnic groups (immigrant and indigenous, linguistic and religious minorities) and to discuss how policies of multicultural integration have to be adapted in order to cope with such differences. 2) To evaluate the impact of common trends of globalization which link societies and encourage convergence between national models of multicultural integration.

  BIAS: A CBS Insider Exposes How the Media Distort the News, Bernard Goldberg; Regnery Publishing, 2002 (232 p).
Goldberg, an old-fashioned liberal, clearly shows how the media repeatedly ignores their primary mission of objective, disinterested reporting. He blows the whistle on the media and shows how they slant coverage while insisting that they're just reporting the facts.

    Coloring the News: How Crusading for Diversity Has Corrupted American Journalism, William McGowan; Encounter Books, 2002, ISBN 1-893554-28-7 (278 p).
McGowan thoroughly examines the premise of newspaper reporters and editors that promoting 'diversity' in the newsroom has produced better reporting and journalism. Instead, quota hiring and 'diversity' reporting practices have discouraged good journalism in favor of biased, one-sided journalism. The overview section alone provides excellent insight into the pervasive problems resulting from the misguided emphasis on 'diversity' reporting today.

  Common Sense on Mass Immigration, The Social Contract Press, 2004 ($1).
This small booklet contains 20 articles on mass immigration. This booklet is an excellent introduction to the topic and is ideal to distribute to those who are not fully informed on the issue.

    Elephants in the Volkswagen Lindsay Grant; ed. W.H. Freeman & Co., 1992, ISBN 0-7167-2267-4, $22.95. 0-7167-2268-2 (pbk.), (272p, $13.95). Available from The Social Contract Press, Petoskey, MI 49770, 800.352.4843, ISBN 0-7167-2268-2, (272p, $15).
A series of essays courageously attacking the hard questions about overpopulation. The reader may be surprised to learn that we really can do something about overpopulation.

  Fences and Neighbors: The Political Geography of Immigration Control, Jeannette Money; Cornell Univ Press, 1999, ISBN 0801435706, (264p, $40).
The author draws on detailed evidence from Britain, France, Australia, and the United States, to demonstrate that local support for immigration is contingent upon economic conditions, as also dependent on the number of foreigners entering the country and their access to the welfare state. Only if local constituencies are critical to maintaining a national electoral majority will local pressures be translated into national immigration policies.

  Fifty Million Californians, Leon Bouvier; 1991, ISBN: 1881290247, (93p, $10).
In this state-specific study, Dr. Bouvier outlines the impact of heavy immigration on various states and the disastrous future to which it leads.

    Fighting Immigration Anarchy - American Patriots Battle to Save the Nation, Daniel Sheehy; Authorhouse, 2005, ISBN 1-4208-6631-1 (hardcover, $24), ISBN 1-4208-6632-X (softcover, $16), (329 p).
This book is a frightening alarm of the ethnic disorder and financial breakdown that are created by the corrupt political, business, and media elites pursuing a globalist agenda. But the book also provides hope that America can be preserved as a unique nation under the rule of law. The tales of individual citizens seizing the initiative to do the job Washington won’t — protect the country from foreign invasion — are both an inspiration and a playbook. In the spirit of 1776, dedicated patriots show how it’s done, and prove that individual courage still matters.

    Fixing the INSanity, Neville W. Cramer, Special Agent, INS (Retired), Immigration Enforcement Solutions, LLC, 2005, ISBN: 0976282003, (197p, $20)

  Florida in the 21st Century, Leon Bouvier; ($11).
In this state-specific study, Dr. Bouvier outlines the impact of heavy immigration on various states and the disastrous future to which it leads.

  Global Futures: Migration, Environment, and Globalization, Avtar Brah (Ed.), Mary J. Hickman (Ed.), Mairtin Mac an Ghaill (Ed.), St Martins Press, 1999, ISBN 0312221355, (288p, $69).

    Heaven's Door: Immigration Policy and the American Economy, George J. Borjas; Princeton Univ Press, 1999, ISBN 0691059667, (264p, $28), (review).
The U.S. took in more than a million immigrants per year in the late 1990s, more than at any other time in history. For humanitarian and many other reasons, this may be good news. But as George Borjas shows in Heaven's Door, it's decidedly mixed news for the American economy--and positively bad news for the country's poorest citizens.

  How Many Americans: Population, Immigration, and the Environment, Leon F. Bouvier & Lindsey Grant.
The population of the United States has tripled within this century, and our over-consumption of resources is a leading cause of many international environmental problems including acid rain and global warming. Lowering mass immigration levels becomes necessary in order to achieve environmental sustainability.

  How to Win the Immigration Debate, Scipio Garling; Federation for American Immigration Reform, 1997, ISBN 0935776249, (150p, $5).

  Importing Revolution: Open Borders and the Radical Agenda, William R. Hawkins; American Immigration Control Foundation, Box 525, Monterey, VA 24465, 1994, ISBN 0936247150, (209p, $8).

    Invasion: How America Still Welcomes Terrorists, Criminals, and Other Foreign Menaces to Our Shores, Michelle Malkin; Regnery Publishing, 2002, ISBN 0-89526-146-4, (332 p).
An important book and a stunning indictment of how our government lets known terrorists, murders, and criminals into the U.S. Malkin shows how political correctness, liberal bias, and outright fraud have endangered and cost American lives.

Read the transcript of Brian Lamb's interview of Michelle Malkin on C-Span's booknotes.

  Mexican Migration to the United States: The Role of Migration Networks and Human Capital Accumulation, Steven Zahniser; Garland Publishing, 1999, ISBN 0815331991, (250p, $79).
From the Garland Studies in the History of American Labor.

  Mexifornia: A State of Becoming, Victor Davis Hanson, Encounter Books, 2003, ISBN 1893554732.
A valuable and truly insightful analysis; readers genuinely interested in the subject would do well to take in what he has to report.

  Misplaced Blame: The Real Roots of Population Growth, Alan Thein Durning and Christopher D. Crowther; Northwest Environment Watch; ISBN 1886093059, (1997).
The authors argue that much of the population growth overrunning parts of North America springs from rarely-noted root causes: poverty, sexual abuse, underfunded family planning services, subsidies to domestic migration, and ill-guided immigration policy. From Center for Immigration Studies: Each chapter identifies one "root" of population growth, including Root 5, Misguided Immigration Laws. While strongly defending immigrants' rights, the report notes that supporting recent immigrants is not the same as supporting open-throttle immigration, and concludes that proper immigration reform would end up closing the immigration door quite a bit --perhaps reducing immigration rates by half, perhaps by more.

    Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change, William R. Catton, Jr.; University of Illinois Press, 1980, ISBN 0-252-00818-9 (hard cover), (270p, $30), ISBN 0-252-00988-6 (paperback).
An important book - well written with a rich bibliography.

  Population Growth -- The Neglected Dimension of America's Persistent Energy/Environmental Problems by Leon Kolankiewicz , NumbersUSA Education and Research Foundation

  Population Growth Control: The Next Move is America's, Stephen D. Mumford; 1977, ISBN 0802222005, (out of print).

    Re-charting America's Future: Responses to Arguments Against Stabilizing U.S. Population, Roy Beck; The Social Contract Press, Petoskey, MI 49770, 1994, 800.352.4843, ISBN 1881780066, (217p, $10).
Examines the arguments used to justify federal immigration policies that force U.S. population growth, both of which are opposed by the majority of Americans.

  Immigration Statistics: Information Gaps, Quality Issues Limit Utility of Federal Data to Policymakers, Eric M. Larson; Diane Publishing, ISBN: 0788177338, (87 p, $20), (order directly from publisher).

   Stalking the Wild Taboo, Garret Hardin; Social Contract Press; ISBN 1881780112, (376p, $16).
This first volume in the Garrett Hardin Reprint Series has over sixty pages of new material including a new preface and three never-before-published essays. Dr. Hardin undertakes to shatter the misconceptions that haunt and confuse many of the most important topics of our times.

  State Profiles: The Population & Economy of Each U.S. State (State Profiles, 1999), Courtenay M. Slater (Ed.), Martha Davis; Bernan Associates, 1999, ISBN 0890591598, (450p, $65).
Locate economic and demographic data for each U.S. state presented in compact, standardized state chapters using charts, tables and interpretive text. Population, income, employment, earnings by industry, education, exports and government finances are among the topics covered. The standardized format facilitates easy comparisons of data among the states. Comparable national and regional data also are included.

      The Case Against Immigration, Roy Beck; W.W. Norton & Co., 1996, ISBN 0-393-03915-3, (287p, $24). This book is not anti-immigrant, but makes a convincing case that the impact of mass immigration is devastating and the need for new legislation urgent.

  The Death of the West, Patrick J. Buchanan; St. Martin's Press, 2002, ISBN 0-312-28548-5 (308p, $26).

The Environmentalist's Guide to a Sensible Immigration Policy Scipio Garling, Ira Mehlman; Federation for American Immigration Reform, 1999, ISBN 0-935776-26-5, (63 p, $10).
A well-written and easily-read booklet presenting the environmental impacts of the population and mass immigration problem.

  The Immigration Debate, Ed. James P. Smith; National Academy Press, 1998, ISBN 0309059984, (300p, $47). [This book is available online - see The Impact of Recent Immigration on Population Redistributrion Within the United States.
Includes case studies of the fiscal effects of immigration in New Jersey and California, studies of the impact of immigration on population redistribution and on crime in the United States, and much more.

    The Immigration Dilemma: Avoiding the Tragedy of the Commons, Garrett Hardin; Federation For Immigration Reform, ISBN 0-935776-15-X, 1995, (140p, $5).
This collection of Hardin's writings shows how timely his warnings have been that too many people pursuing scarce resources spell ultimate disaster. A sorely-needed moral compass on the issues of immigration.

  Mechanics of Immigration Control: A Comparative Analysis of European Regulation Policies, Tomas Hammar, Grete Brochmann; New York University Press, 1999, ISBN 1859732674, (316p, $65).

  The Immigration Invasion, Wayne Lutton & John Tanton; 1994, The Social Contract Press, Petoskey, MI 49770, 800.352.4843, (190p, $5).
The authors present an ethical framework for setting immigration policy, followed by detailed and specific recommendations for changes.

  The Life and Death of NSSM 200 ("National Security Study Memorandum 200") - How the Destruction of Political Will Doomed a U.S. Population Policy, Stephen D. Mumford, Center for Research on Population and Security, P.O. Box 13067, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, 919.933.7491, ISBN 093730705X, (580p. hard cover: $43, paper: $19).
Read the overview! (The full text and summary is also available at www.pop.org/students/nssm200.html).

  The Path To National Suicide, Lawrence Auster; American Immigration Control Foundation, PO Box 525, Monterey, VA 24465, 1990, ISBN 0-936247-12-6, (94p).

  Thirty Million Texans, Leon Bouvier; ISBN 1881290204, (93p, $11). In this state-specific study, Dr. Bouvier outlines the impact of heavy immigration on various states and the disastrous future to which it leads.

  Unguarded Gates - A History of America's Immigration Crisis by Otis L. Graham, Jr. (Rowman & Littlefield, 2004, ISBN 0-7425-2228-8). (Read reviews on Amazon.com).

  Unwelcome Strangers: American Identity and the Turn Against Immigration, David M. Reimers; Columbia Univ Press, 1999, ISBN 0231109571, ($18).
A definitive history of the current immigration reduction movement. This book discusses both sides of the economic, social, and environmental arguments against mass immigration. Excellent reading for both historians and current policy makers.

  Whatever It Takes, J. D. Hayworth, Regnery Publishing, Inc., 2006, ISBN 089526028X, (256 p, $18). An excellent and informative read exposing the illegal immigration and border security crisis. (Review).

  World Population, Leon F. Bouvier, Jane T. Bertrand; Seven Locks Press, 1999, ISBN: 0929765664, (203 p, $13).
"Readable, insightful, scholarly, and objective. Whatever your view on population growth, few disagree that it presents the future with some major challenges. An important book about a fast developing, worldwide problem." -- Richard D. Lamm.
"Bouvier and Bertrand's new book offers a measured and informed appraisal - for those who would prefer to actually understand." -- Michael S. Teitelbaum.

  World War III, Population and the Biosphere At the End of the Millennium, Michael Tobias; Continuum Pub Group, 1997, ISBN 0826410855, (300p, $16); (review essay). Also available from DESIP bookstore.
Tobias argues that humanity is waging a war of aggression against the planet. He travels around China, Indonesia, India, Kenya, the US, and Antarctica and returns, laden with fact and anecdote, to tell us that there are too many of us and that rapine economic development is killing the planet. At current birth and death rates, the world is adding a Los Angeles every three weeks. Tobias is both knowledgeable and passionate in his presentation.

Here is a collection of reference links and links to related websites. We are not responsible for the content of other websites - view at your own discretion.

(Links will open in a new browser window)

Environmental links

• EcoFuture's environmental directories
• EcoFuture's environmental information
• EcoFuture's environmental organizations
• EcoFuture's population links

National Organizations

• Americans for Immigration Control
• American Immigration Control Foundation
• Coalition for the Future American Worker
• Congressional Immigration Reform Caucus
• Diversity Alliance for a Sustainable America
• English First
• 9/11 Families for a Secure America
• Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) - good research and reports.
• Friends of Immigration Law Enforcement (FILE)
• Fire Coalition
• Immigration Reform Law Institute (IRLI) - legal research, advice and assistance
• ALIPAC - Americans for Legal Immigration
• Minuteman Civil Defense Corps
• Minuteman Project
• Negative Population Growth - good research.
• National Border Patrol Council
• National Security Whistleblowers Coalition
• NumbersUSA.com - fax Congress for free on U.S. population/immigration issues!
• Pro-English - fax Congress for free.
• ProjectUSA - billboard campaign.
• SUSPS - Sierra Club members supporting US Population Stabilization.
• THE AMERICAN RESISTANCE
• Team America - Political Action Committee to elect those who support defending America's borders.
• U.S. Border Control - a lobbying organization
• US English
• Veterans for Secure Borders
• Vietnamese for Fair Immigration

Informational Websites and Organizations

• Immigration Orgs - immigration organizations
• 14th Amendment and birthright citizenship
• The Absurdities of Multiculturalism (UK)
• American Patrol - news and video feed
• American Border Patrol - reporting on incomplete border fence construction
• Americans for Better Immigration - Congressional report cards plus Presidential candidates
• Border Invasion Pictures
• Border Violence Analysis - Mexico's Drug War
• Center for Immigration Studies - excellent research and reports
  subsidiary sites: Center for Immigration Studies, CIS staff, CIS videos, CIS labor and jobs studies
• Center for Immigration Truth - exposes attacks by the open borders network
• Center for Jobs and Immigration
• Common Sense on Mass Immigration - pocket-sized briefing booklet.
• Corruption on the Border - corruption within the Customs Service.
• CUSP - comprehensive Congressional environmental scorecard.
• Day Laborers - criminals allowed into our country.
• DesertInvasion.us - articles and photos of the invasion and border destruction.
• Desert Visions - photos of trash left by illegal aliens in Arizona.
• Environment and Immigration
• The Environmental Movement's Retreat from Advocating U.S. Population Stabilization (article)
• Escaping Justice - murderers escaped back to Mexico.
• E-verifile - E-Verify information
• Family Security Matters
• EcoFuture population resources - comprehensive information and links.
• Get My Country Back
• Human Overpopulation Crisis
• IllegalAliens.US - Illegal aliens are stealing from, not benefitting, Americans.
• Illegal Alien Tracking System - Interactive map.
• Immigration Counters
• Immigration Watch Canada
• Immigration Watchdog
• Immivasion - immigration political cartoons.
• Immigration and Welfare Cost
• Immigration's Human Cost - human interest stories.
• How to report illegal aliens by VDARE.
• How to report illegals by Department of Homeland Security.
• Limits to Growth
• Migration Policy Institute
• NoAmnesty.com - sponsored by the National Border Patrol Council.
• Outsource Outrage! - outsourcing video.
• Predatory Aliens - crimes against children.
• Sanctuary Cities, USA
• Security Center for Immigration
• Smart Business Practices
• The Social Contract - books, publications, and The Social Contract - an excellent journal.
• Society for American Sovereignty
• SprawlCity - shows the surprising relationship between population growth and sprawl.
• StopAmnesty.US - 2004 news conference.
• U.S. Census Bureau - data and population clock
• VDARE - blog and articles on immigration
• V.O.I.A.C - registry and data base for Victims of Illegal Alien Crime.
• World Population Awareness
• Zazona Jobs Destruction Newsletter - job outsourcing and high tech H-1B visa workers

Activist Websites and Organizations

Many of the sites listed on this page are action-oriented to some extent. The following sites are mainly activist-oriented.

• American Jobs - documentary on American job loss.
• Blogs For Borders / Freedom Folks
• Blue Servo - virtual border watch
• Choose Black America
• Citizens for a Constitutional Republic
• Citizens for a Secure Border
• Citizens for Laws
• Cory Legal Defense - selective prosecution of ICE agent
• DeportAliens.com
• For the Cause
• FreedomFolks blog
• Hire Patriots
• Immigration buzz
• Illegal Immigration Bumper Stickers
• Institute for Immigration Policy Review
• Let's Take Back America - United Patriots of America
• Unofficial minuteman-type websites: Arizona Border Watch   Campo Minutemen   Las Vegas Minutemen   Texas   Bands and music   High Desert Minutemen - Congressman watchdog
• Gilchrist Angels
• Mothers against illegal aliens
• NoInvaders.org
• NoMoreAmnesty.com - sign petition.
• Outsource Congress - send email to congressional staff
• Patriot Union
• Programmers Guild - opposing outsourcing and high-tech H-1B workers
• Protect Our Borders
• ReformUS.org - petition to the President.
• ReportIllegals.com - easy way to report illegal aliens for a nominal fee.
• Secured Borders U.S.A - petition.
• Smart Business Practices - encourage businesses to stop hiring illegal aliens.
• Stop Illegals.info
• Stop the FTAA - stop the Free Trade Area of the Americas agreement which incorporates an open borders agenda.
• Support Border Controls
• Articulating the Popular Rage - a video tribute to Terry Anderson
• USA Border Alert
• USA Border Watch
• United Patriots (Let's Take Back America, based in New Jersey)
• United to Secure America
• Wakeup America Foundation
• We Hate Gringos
• We Hire Aliens
• We Need a Fence
• You Don't Speak for Me!

State and Regional Organizations

• Alternatives to Growth Oregon (Oregon)
• Americans for an Immigration Moratorium (Arkansas)
• The Anderson Report - Southeast Arizona Regional Update (Arizona)
• Border Counties on U.S. - Mexico border; includes cost studies
• Border Guardians (Arizona)
• CHOICE (Indiana)
• California Coalition for Immigration Reform (California)
• Californians for Population Stabilization (California)
• Carolinians for Immigration Reform (Carolinas)
• Citizens' Council on Illegal Immigration (Utah)
• Citizens of Dade United (Miami, FL)
• Citizens for Immigration Reform (Dallas, TX)
• Citizens of Pennsylvania for Immigration Control and Enforcement (Pennsylvania)
• Colorado Alliance for Immigration Reform (CAIR) (Colorado)
• CT Citizens for Immigration Control (Connecticut)
• Defend Colorado Now - ballot initiative to deny services to illegals (Colorado)
• The Dustin Inman Society (Georgia)
• Floridians for Immigration Enforcement (Florida)
• Floridians for a Sustainable Population (Florida)
• Help Save Virginia (Herndon, VA)
• IFIRE - Indiana Federation for Immigration Reform and Enforcement (Indiana)
• Illegal Immigration Journal (Arizona)
• Immigration Reform Coalition of Texas (Texas)
• I R O N - Immigration Reform for Oklahomans Now (Oklahoma)
• Latino Americans for Immigration Reform (California)
• Massachusetts Coalition for Immigration Reform (Massachusetts)
• Midwest Coalition to Reduce Immigration (Midwest)
• Minnesotans For Sustainability (Minnesota)
• Minnesotans Seeking Immigration Reform (Minnesota)
• Mississippi Federation for Immigration Reform and Enforcement (Mississippi)
• NC Listen (North Carolina)
• New Yorkers for Immigration Control and Enforcement (New York)
• Ohio Jobs and Justice PAC (OJJPAC) (Ohio)
• Oregonians for Immigration Reform (Oregon)
• Pennsylvanians for Immigration Control and Enforcement
• Rhode Islanders for Immigration Law Enforcement (Rhode Island)
• Save Our State (California)
• Small Town Defenders (Hazleton, PA)
• Southern Conn. Citizens For Immigration Reform (Connecticut)
• Sovereignty Colorado
• Tennesseans for Immigration Reform and Education (Tennessee)
• Texas Border Volunteers (Texas)
• Texans for Immigration Reform (Texas)
• Tri-state Immigration Moratorium (New York, New Jersey & Connecticut)
• US Border Patrol Tucson Sector Local 2544 (Arizona)
• United States Citizens for Immigration Law Envorcement (Connecticut)
• Utahns for Immigration Reform and Enforcement (Utah)
• Washingtonians for Immigration Reform (Washington)
• Yes On Prop 200 (Arizona 2004 initiative)

Personal websites

• Al Bartlett on exponential growth
• American Sentinel
• Frosty Wooldridge - writer.
• Garrett Hardin Society - renowned ecologist and author.
• Journal of the American Kernel - immigration section.
• Otis L. Graham, Jr., author of Unguarded Gates
• Legal American Folks
• Minutewomen on the road
• David Mitchell
• One Old Vet
• Stand up for America
• John Tanton
• US AENS

Contact elected officials

• NumbersUSA.com - fax Congress for free on immigration issues.
• Americans for Better Immigration - Congressional immigration voting records and contact info.
• FAIR - look up your Congressperson.
• Congress.org - look up and contact your elected officials.
• Congress.gov - find your Congressperson.
• FirstGov.gov U.S. Government official web portal.
• Government Guide - U.S. and local elected officials.
• U.S. House of Representatives - U.S. Congress (House and Senate) 800-648-3516, 877-762-8762, 202-224-3121, 202-225-3121.
• Outsource Congress - email Congress and Congressional Staff.
• U.S. Senate
• Project Vote Smart - U.S. and local elected officials.
• White House - President, The White House, 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20500;
• Yahoo - map to find state and local officials.

U.S. Government information

• FirstGov.gov U.S. Government official web portal.
• Department of Homeland Security - public contact line: 1-877-287-8667 or 202-282-8000.
• Department of Justice - Attorney General, 950 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20530; 202-616-2777
• Office of Immigration Statistics - definitions and statistics.
• Presidential Oath of Office
• Immigration statistics - Immigrants
• Thomas provides detailed information on legislation, bills, Congressional Record, committee information.
• U.S. Census Bureau and private Real Estate Center - state population data derived from the Census Bureau.
• U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Gloria Chavez, Public Information Office, 202-927-1422
• U.S. Library of Congress
• United States Declaration of Independence and more information
• United States Constitution with more information analysis; Bill of Rights with more information; Constitutional Amendments.

Selected news links

• C-Span - watch your legislators in action.
• Capwiz media list - find media outlets by zipcode.
• Web Radio for those who love the United States

Discussion lists

• MSN American Border Issues.
• Usenet newsgroups: alt.california.illegals, alt.politics.immigration. Browse archives with Google - select "Groups".
• Yahoo groups - BorderWar, CloseTheBorders, mmp-chat, and many more.