Welcome to the CAIRCO News section. This section presents a consolidated list of all news articles from various categories. You can also view a list of all tags in order to list articles that contain a specific tag.
Ranked choice voting is the answer to a question only a bureaucrat would even think to ask.
To simplify, RCV is a voting method used most recently in the 2022 Alaskan congressional election which Sarah Palin notoriously lost -- that in theory blurps out a winner that is actually (really really trust us on this) the...
A new and increasingly popular Twitter hashtag is “#diedsuddenly” in response to a surge of sudden unexplained deaths among mostly young and healthy individuals, including athletes, occurring over the past 2 years. Here are but a few recent news stories....
This trend was quite worrisome, “So much so that the monthly...
Two years ago on this day, I posted a piece that was very hard to write. It concerned precisely who was benefiting from the lockdowns, masking, and all that was associated with it, including school and business closures and travel restrictions....
Let’s just go through the list of beneficiaries I first compiled two...
... Chalkbeat Colorado shared how Colorado students were faring in 2022. It reported that, post-pandemic, 59% of third-graders were not meeting or exceeding literacy expectations for their grade level. Older students were doing worse: only 25 percent of seventh-graders met or exceeded benchmarks in math, and only 33 percent...
The New Climate Pause lengthens again: 101 months and counting …
The gentle warming of recent decades, during which nearly all of our influence on global temperature has arisen, is a very long way below what was originally predicted – and still is predicted...
The New Pause lengthens again: 101 months and...
Following the recent Islamic terrorist attack in Algeciras, Spain, by a Moroccan illegal migrant, who targetted Christians and murdered the sacristan of a local church, Spanish politician Ignacio Garriga declared, “Islamism is incompatible with Western culture. The VOX party’s secretary general said, “it generates violence,...
Seven years ago, Business Insider published, “14 reasons why Denver is the best place to live in America.”...
How is Denver doing now as “trendy and desirable”?
In answering that question, the Glendale Cherry Creek Chronicle published, “Denver becoming America’s crime capital.”...
The Chronicle, noted...
... the COVID vaccine did not work because it could not work....
Vaccines are not suitable for coronaviruses. Such respiratory viruses spread and mutate too quickly. This is why there has never been a vaccine for the common cold and why the flu shot is predictably suboptimal. Vaccines can only be sterilizing and...
A ZeroHedge contributor reports (disapprovingly) that new Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is taking typically sensible measures to deal with the presence of African illegals in Israel:
Following public remarks from Netanyahu in which he recounted his previous efforts in 2013 to rein in illegal immigrants entering...
The Danish left-wing government’s continued push against mass immigration is producing tangible results, including a dramatic reduction in asylum applications as well as a sharp reduction in overall immigration. The government continues to be unique in all of Europe, featuring the only ruling left-wing bloc seriously opposed...
There comes a time near the end of every PSYOP when the PSYOP has achieved its objective, or as much of its objective as it is going to achieve, and is becoming increasingly recognizable as a PSYOP, and so the focus shifts to damage control, and erasing the PSYOP from official history.
This is a crucial stage of the...
... In the lead up to 2022, Democrats not only refused to moderate their support for unlimited abortion up to the moment of birth, transgender surgery for minors, critical race theory, criminal justice reform, and illegal immigration, they doubled-down. Voters rewarded them with additional governorships, four flipped state...
... Limits exist everywhere in nature. Physics, chemistry, biology, geology, astronomy—pick your field, dig into the literature, and you'll soon be struck by how everything in the universe is defined by limits of temperature, weight, volume, density, number, power, frequency, speed, and more...
All these developments...
China’s announcement on 17 January 2023 that its population had declined for the first time in 60 years has fostered population decline hysteria and promoted more Ponzi demography in many parts of the world...
The population decline hysteria has in turn facilitated the promotion of Ponzi demography, which calls for...
America’s Viktor Orban, Governor Ron DeSantis, is moving from victory to victory on social and cultural issues, besides having a 2.5% unemployment rate. After beating the tranny lobby and Disney, Governor DeSantis has moved against illegal aliens, doing his best to end the job magnet and participating in the legal actions...
... food processing plants across the United States have been targeted repeatedly over the last two years.
Just this past weekend, there was a massive fire at an egg farm in Connecticut....
From FOX News:
Last spring, in March, at a press conference in Brussels, Joe Biden explained that the sanctions he...
... the crisis has been brewing for years, even decades. Simply put, America isn’t adding nearly enough hospital beds generally, and emergency room capacity specifically, to keep up with its growing population. And the ongoing border crisis is exacerbating the problem, since illegal immigrants [illegal aliens]...
This essay is in response to Jeff Wise and his Intelligencer article so frustratingly entitled, “America Could Use Another Boom.”
His subtitle warns us that, “Failing to address population decline may exact a heavy toll.” Number one, we are not in decline. Number two, the US is overpopulated and deep into overshoot...
The year 2022 was a historic year for immigration in France. Never before had that country seen such an influx of both legal and illegal immigrants. Meanwhile, the proportion of those deported after having been denied asylum remains absurdly low....
Last year, France — a country of 68 million inhabitants — handed out...
... If Republicans had been winning elections in the last six years, there would be overwhelming support for McDaniel to continue her leadership of the party....
Instead, the GOP has performed miserably in the 2018, 2020, 2022 and Georgia U.S. Senate runoff elections. The Republican Party lost the U.S. House in the...
A few days ago, I was talking to some Border Patrol agents still on the job. They were telling me that details down to the Del Rio sector are slowing down. Agents are still being sent there, but not in the quantity that they were. However, although the agents are not physically being sent to the southern border, they are...
... America is in the middle of a Cold Civil War between woke revolutionaries—who believe America is and has always been systemically racist (evil), so that it must be deconstructed, de-legitimized (i.e., destroyed)—and those who believe that America is good, that its principles are the greatest antidote to racism ever...
Remittances are a massive transfer of wealth out of America.
Remittances are monies sent by foreign-born workers (legal immigrants and illegal aliens) back to their home country. The transfers are facilitated by sending money through banks, making investments in the home country, or by returning to the home country...
... Biden’s administration may bring a record 2.7 million illegal aliens to the United States-Mexico border this year, new analysis projects.
For 2021, Steven Kopits with Princeton Policy Advisors accurately projected that about two million border crossers and illegal aliens would be apprehended.
Likewise,...
New York City Mayor Eric Adams made a trip to the southern border recently to bring attention to the needs of his city, which has been overwhelmed by illegal aliens. This episode has forced Adams to see the inescapable truth: sanctuary laws are a house of cards that cannot support the consequences of their lofty but highly...
Seventy-five years. That’s how long Pfizer and the FDA tried to hide the Pfizer documents from public view — long after just about everyone affected is dead. It wasn’t until renowned attorney Aaron Siri led a FOIA case against the FDA that a federal judge ordered the documents to be released in 108 days, the same amount of...
The following article emphasis many important points. But it omits discussion of the elephant in the living room, as noted below.
No reasonable person would deny the importance of protecting the environment. The accomplishments of the environmental movement over the past 50 years are undeniable: cleaner air and...
As of yesterday, a food additive made out of powdered crickets began appearing in foods from pizza, to pasta to cereals across the European Union....
But don’t worry, because the crickets first have to be checked to make sure they “discard their bowel content” before being frozen....
The European Union also...
Left-wing Mexican President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador recently praised a visiting President Joe Biden: "Just imagine: There are 40 million Mexicans in the United States... "
Note that Mexico itself facilitates illegal transits across its southern border - as long as such Central American and other global migrants...
Richard "Bigo" Barnett, 62, is facing a potential life sentence for peacefully entering the Capitol on January 6th and putting his feet up on Nancy Pelosi's desk.
Barnett was wildly overcharged by vindictive prosecutors and denied a change of venue out of Washington, DC....
Related
As Capitol Stormers...
In the old days, shopping for groceries used to be a joy. By old days, I mean two years ago....
The price of eggs is up dramatically because all the costs associated with making them available to consumers are up....
This damage is absolutely not captured in the CPI, which has huge drawbacks by being calculated...
In a remarkable television broadcast on December 15, 2022, Tucker Carlson made an explosive charge. He pointed out that, contrary to law, the White House was refusing to release thousands of pages of documents about the assassination of John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963. Carlson said that these documents proved CIA...
... As energy resources like natural gas were curtailed the resulting price increase and subsequent shortage of fertilizer was discussed in great detail well in advance.
Now, we are starting to see exactly what those warning voices were talking about.
An interesting article in ZeroHedge Saturday... draws...
According to the United Nations (UN), forests cover 31% of the world’s land surface. They absorb roughly 15.6 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO₂) every year.
More than half of this green cover is spread across the boreal forests of Russia and Canada, the Amazon...
About two weeks ago, the city of Denver instated a rule that only allows migrants [illegal aliens] seeking asylum 14-day stays in city-run shelters. The rule goes into effect Monday, January 23rd.
For those hoping to stay in Denver, the city says it is working to provide alternative options through host families,...
Approximately 330,000 illegal border crossings into the European Union (EU) were recorded in 2022, the highest figure since the migration crisis of 2016. According to the latest data from EU border agency Frontex, the number of illegal entries into the Union increased 64 percent from the previous year.
According to...
In the past I have often tried to take a big picture approach to the issues facing the American public and how there is almost always a deeper connection between a variety of political and economic events. And, what has become increasingly clear to me is that in order to understand government actions and geopolitics, you...
Held in Mexico City on January 9 and 10, the ballyhooed three-nation summit that featured President Joe Biden, Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, and Mexican President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO) did not disappoint … at least if you’re a Treason Lobbyist. Biden declared that he wants “to make it easier” for “...
We have the most extensive and inclusive voter fraud organization in American political history. - Joe Biden, 10/24/2020
Yes, Biden said the above quote in October, 2020. People with dementia are often like children. They say exactly what is on their mind, albeit inappropriate...
Our founders weren’t perfect...
It’s a bloody invasion and yet not one legacy media outlet has covered it. On the contrary, they are militantly covering for it.
The country is in the throes of a totalitarian coup and... the country is too dumb, too apathetic, or too misinformed to care or worse – in support of greatest self inflicted wound in human...
A question that is absurd on its face: Can you, a white or black man, an American or an African, “become Japanese?” Answer: Of course not. To be Japanese is to be of Japanese blood and raised in Japan, with its language, cuisine and other markers of Japanese culture. Why? Because the Japanese say so. So why can’t Americans...
The now-former professor at Hamline University, Erika López Prater, warned students in the syllabus that images of holy figures, including the Prophet Muhammad and the Buddha, would be shown during the course. She asked students to contact her with any concerns, and said nobody did.
In class, she told students right...
The mother of Ashli Babbitt, Micki Witthoeft, was arrested by U.S. Capitol Police at a protest Friday afternoon in Washington, D.C. marking the second anniversary of her daughter’s killing by Capitol Police officer Michael Byrd during the January 6th riot.
Micki was on her way to lay a rose on the steps of the US...
Tucker Carlson’s monologue on Friday night, the second anniversary of January 6, was outstanding. He stands athwart the Democrats’ perverted narrative and hollers, “Stop.” And if you need more evidence about how the narrative is being perverted, a new media reporter named Tayler Hansen tells about what really happened on...
Less than a month before the November election, the office of Colorado’s secretary of state declined to provide the names of noncitizens who received voter registration notifications by mail, according to records obtained by a watchdog group.
The Public Interest Legal Foundation released a report Thursday about how...
Recent court filings reveal that Google, by means of its Location History function that many Google users (often unknowingly) opt into, has tracked and recorded extensive location data for over 500 million people. Few of us are aware our location histories are being tracked and recorded in this way. Law enforcement agencies...
Officials in the sanctuary state of Colorado, with an influx of border crossers and illegal aliens arriving, are sending migrant buses to New York City, also a sanctuary jurisdiction.
For nearly a year, Texas Gov. Greg Abbott (R) has sent busloads of border crossers and illegal aliens to sanctuary cities like New York...
Arizona has started to dismantle its makeshift border wall made of shipping containers that was championed by former Gov. Doug Ducey but faced opposition from newly minted Gov. Katie Hobbs and was the target of a Biden administration lawsuit....
Illegal immigration has soared under President Joe Biden’s watch, with...
Ask yourself why they would seal the evidence for 50 years?
The committee, which was entirely one-sided against former President Donald Trump after Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi took the unprecedented step of blocking minority party nominees, followed the equally problematic practice of Rep. Adam Schiff (D-CA) in...
As Olivier Bault reports at Remix News, the threshold of 100,000 illegal migrants who arrived by sea in Italy this year was crossed on Dec. 21, and the number is not only a symbolic milestone but also serving as a call to action for Italy’s conservative government.
The figure of 100,000 can be compared with the 64,055...
[See videos in the original article.]
The left-wing controlled Oxfordshire County Council’s new plans to divide the British city of Oxford into six “15-minute cities”. In these new “smart” districts, it is said, most household essentials will be accessible by a quarter-of-an-hour walk or bike ride, so residents will...
... So, what has changed between the early 1980s and today?
The conquest of every mainstream institution by an idea that Ambassador Kirkpatrick memorably identified in 1984. “The progressive left always blames America first,” she said in a GOP convention speech. Kirkpatrick was referring to foreign affairs, but she...
Many people view cruising alone down the open road as the ultimate form of freedom. We regret to inform you that liberty will completely evaporate soon unless Congress acts.
The website Motorious reported on Friday that former Georgia Congressman Bob Barr has been sounding the alarm on a terrifying item buried within...
Tom Homan, former acting director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), has criticized what he described as lax border security policies under the Biden administration, arguing that the surge in illegal immigration “is on purpose.”
Homan, who served as head of ICE from 2017 to 2018, described the border...
Repeal the 1965 Immigration Act!
Repeal the 1965 Immigration Act
Here's an interesting and sobering read. Kunstler covers the economy, the deep state, Ukraine (particularly interesting), Asia, and diminishing energy. His prognosis is grim, consistent with his books The Long Emergency.and Living in the Long Emergency. The article is sobering yet worth reading. Here are a few excerpts:...
This was not just election fraud, it was a coup.
The people who cast the votes decide nothing. The people who count the votes decide everything - Joseph Stalin The only thing we did on Election Day was tell them how many votes they needed on Election Night. pic.twitter.com/lOG2iV4l2e - Andy Swan (@AndySwan) November 4,...Last week I wrote about Teddy Roosevelt and Donald Trump. My comparison wasn’t between the two men as presidents—though they had some similar personality traits—but between how the two men were treated by the Republican Party. The Republican Party of 1912 decided it would be better off renominating William Howard Taft, even...
If chattel slavery hadn't existed in the United States, the Left would have had to invent it. What we mean is that the idea of slavery has become so dear to the disciples of identity politics that without its moral sanction they would be lost. Absent the original sin of slavery, the entire racialist racket that holds our...
{snip}
This week, the U.S. Census Bureau revealed that in 2022, the U.S. population hit about 333.3 million residents — a 0.4 percent increase compared to 2021 — with growth in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Most of the population growth in 2022, more than 80 percent, is directly from the nation’s...
Here’s another recommended article by VDH. There’s so much in it that it’s hard to select just a few quotes, but here are some of special interest to me:
The FBI is now, tragically, in freefall. The public is at the point, first, of asking what improper or illegal behavior will the bureau not pursue, and what, if...
... Over the past half-century, my abhorrence of poverty hasn’t waned. However, I quit being a socialist long ago. It wasn’t because my values and goals changed, but because my understanding of how best to achieve the worthy goal of defeating poverty has evolved. Caring about a problem is the easy part. The harder part is to...
A new investigation from the Heritage Foundation exposes how Non-Governmental Organizations, known as NGOs, work with the federal government to relocated illegal immigrants from border towns to destinations across the country under the guise of "charity."
"The Biden border crisis was sparked by the deliberate...
People are starting to realize that the collapse of the American border is not an accident. It can’t be. When the vice president of the United States says the border is “secure” at the same time that illegal border crossings have surged to more than a million a year, then one of two things must be true.
Either the...
... Unfortunately, America may be slowly inching to this point where government incompetence undermines its legitimacy. Why support a country run by bumbling fools? This is not just the usual cynicism encapsulated by the comic phrase, “I’m from the government and I’m here to help you.” This is the level of ineffectiveness...
The USA stands as the world’s most powerful and prosperous democracy, but despite many smaller and quite functional democracies, the anti-freedom, dictatorships of China, Russia, Iran and the many lesser dictatorships are not likely to be supplanted by citizen uprisings or any changes from the Xi and Putin types which...
... [in 2016] back when most Republicans (myself included) didn’t consider Trump a serious candidate. The media decided he would be a wonderful candidate from the Democrats’ perspective and selected him as most likely to lose to Hillary Clinton. So they gave him all the free coverage he could handle....
Prepare...
In the year 2022, the population of the United States of America was artificially boosted by the surge of mass migration across the southern border, with over 1 million people being added to the overall population total.
According to the Associated Press, the American population increased by 1.2 million due to the...
“Give me money so I can demand more money!” Our seriously-broke country has no business giving away anything for free, let alone this kind of coin to a lawless authoritarian state halfway around the globe.
Partial transcript:
... What exactly are the terms of this? Now that we're talking...
Now white people can’t even be friendly to minorities without accusations of racism.
The woke Left has been trying to exert political control and further cement its victimhood narrative through restrictive language changes. Racist common language glossaries have been popping up all over college campuses, including...
This updates Yes, Virginia (Dare), There Is A War On Christmas—Here’s Twenty Years Of Proof! which had 356 items in 2019. Since then we’ve added an additional 59 items, making at total of 415.
See the original article for a compilation of articles covering the War on Christmas.
Related
Cancelling...
Oberlin College has forked over the $36 million owed to a local bakery after the progressive Ohio school falsely accused the family-operated business of being racist.
The substantial payout was awarded earlier this year after Gibson’s Bakery won a defamation lawsuit against the school that sided with three black...
In response to the influx of migrants from Belarus, Lithuania, like Poland, has started building a wall along its border. It is now complete, but major video surveillance systems have been implemented to combat damage attributed partly to the Belarusian border guards.
Meanwhile, in the United States, thousands of...
As reported in the article, here is a summary of audacious items in the $1.7 spending bill:
"The Omnibus bill is over 4,000 pages long with $1.7 trillion in spending. It prohibits the government from spending any money to be used to improve US border security. WHO WROTE THIS? CHINA?"
It expressly prohibits CBP...... In Orwell’s 1984 there was a constant state of war between three global powers and this helped facilitate control over the population. Rule by fear and hate were so prevalent in Orwell’s 1984 that there was an official hate week. In the name of security people were encouraged to report on each other and video...
Anthropocentrism is preventing humanity from dealing with the world’s cascading environmental crises. Stephen Williams reviews the work of Catholic historian Paul Collins who argues depopulation is an urgent moral imperative.
A new discussion paper on population ethics written by Catholic historian Paul Collins is as...
One of the benefits of Elon Musk’s mass firings at Twitter and the general downsizing in social media companies, that Facebook is firing more than Twitter with none of the publicity. The good news was that lots of H-1Bs were going to go home. Even experts at VDare were fooled: Bonus to Musk’s Buying Twitter: Fired H-1B...
Most Americans know something has gone terribly wrong—and very abruptly—with the United States. They are certain that our wounds are almost all self-inflicted. The current pathologies are not a result of a natural disaster, an exhaustion of natural resources, plagues, or an existential war....
In the spirit of...
... Prices are up, and Joe Biden caused the problem by spending and printing money for government boondoggles, like a proverbial drunken sailor.
The figure cited is year-on-year, which doesn't really convey the extent of the problem. The real measure of inflation is the one that begins with Joe Biden's...
The city of Denver declared a state of emergency on Thursday in order to stave off a local humanitarian crisis amid an influx of illegal aliens from the southern border, mainly from El Paso, Texas.
Mayor Michael Hancock, a Democrat, issued the declaration as several hundred illegal aliens, mostly from Central and...
Independent journalist Matt Taibbi has released the sixth installment after review of more Twitter File data [SEE HERE]. Keep in mind, the research group containing Mr. Taibbi are only seeing the consequences side of the content removal process. What specifically happened in/around the portal of information flowing into...
PLEASE NOTE: This is the 1st part of a 3-part series. Here we lay a foundation describing how the “alphabet agencies” have infiltrated social media to use it as a chokepoint for the control of information and dissemination of propaganda. Parts 2 & 3 will explain the need for the release of more “Twitter Files” on Antifa...
ideo and other reports from the border are clear. Anarchy reigns; no sane person can dispute that penniless illegal aliens this nation will never deport—something they know very well—have mounted a full-scale invasion that is worsening as the end of Title 42 public-health expulsions approaches.
Border agents are...
One by one, they go to start their business day only to find a baffling message from their payments app informing them: “You can no longer do business with PayPal.”
There is little or no explanation. They have somehow offended the sensibilities of someone somewhere deep inside the bureaucracy.
They are simply...
... Biden’s border agency expects 9,000 to 14,000 economic migrants per day after officials remove the Title 42 legal barrier in late December, says CNN.
The predicted inflow adds up to roughly 4.5 million migrants per year or more than one extra southern migrant for every American birth in the United States.
...
[originally published 25 December 2017]
“Christmas is essential to our understanding of Western Civilization and our values,” said Breitbart News’s Senior Editor-at-Large Rebecca Mansour on Sunday.
Mansour made her comments while co-hosting Breitbart News Sunday alongside Breitbart Executive Chairman Stephen K...
A rrecount in Colorado’s 3rd Congressional district confirmed GOP Rep. Lauren Boebert won her race against Democrat Adam Frisch.
Democrat Adam Frisch conceded to Republican Congresswoman Lauren Boebert last month....
While Traitor Thom Tillis seeks to trade an ineffectual continuance of Title 42 authority in exchange for amnesty for 2 million illegal aliens and millions more green cards for tech indentured servants, the Biden Regime’s response to the now confirmed renewed zerg rush of illegal aliens at the border with Mexico is...
Review of ‘The Culture Transplant’ by Garett Jones.
... Jones shows, through an engaging and digestible tour of the academic literature, that people bring their national character with them when they migrate; that those values persist for up to several generations; and that some values really are better for societal...
There are no easy solutions to the problem of our republican decline. Some have proposed a “fortify or die” approach just to guarantee Republicans the ability to compete in elections with the increasingly despotic Democrat Party. Others argue that to participate in the same electioneering tactics as the Democrats—even if...
A lot of people think that the Democrat Biden regime is taking America by leaps and bounds towards socialism. Yet it seems they are skipping over socialism and embracing full Communism.
President Trump made that very point, as was discussed in the 9 December 2022 VDare article, Trump On J6 Gulag: "Our Country Is Going...
On Nov. 15, the world’s population is expected to pass 8 billion. Global population is growing by over 70 million per year, with 80 percent of that growth concentrated in the poorest countries least equipped to feed, educate or employ these additional people. This growth contributes to widespread poverty and environmental...
A genuinely open Twitter would be deadly for our decadent liberal regime.
The American regime’s crusade against social media free speech revealed the radical character of our liberal ruling class. From 2016 onward, the elites and their social media mercenaries waged an unrelenting propaganda war against ordinary...
... County election managers change the zip code of 31,000 voters on September 3. Ballots go out that week. Those 31,000 are undeliverable. Someone collects those valid ballots. On September 15th, those addresses are quietly changed back.
National Change of Address Database (NCOA) will not pick up those address...
The third installment of Elon Musk's release of internal Twitter communications has been released, once again via veteran journalist Matt Taibbi.
In this episode, which is a 3-parter, we learn what happened behind the scenes which led to the banishment of former President Donald Trump from the platform.
1....
Jake Lang and J6Legal.org released a powerful video this week on the January 6, 2021, protests in Washington DC....
Here is the transcript from this very powerful ad by Jake Lang and J6Legal.org.
As you all well know, patriots assembled on January 6 at the United States Capitol to peacefully protest a stolen...
The Journalism Competition and Preservation Act (JCPA) contains a loophole that would allow foreign news organizations, including Chinese organizations, to influence the flow of information in the United States — even as lawmakers prepare to attach the derided media bailout bill to the National Defense Authorization Act (...
A bipartisan duo of senators are reviving negotiations for a potential deal on immigration reform [amnesty for illegal aliens] - including providing legal status for 2 million Dreamers and billions of dollars for border security - with the hope they can tackle the issue before the new Congress takes effect next year.
...Sweden: Those who buy into the popular leftist myth that “diversity is our strength” have lived to regret it
THAT WAS THEN: “There’s no turning back!” Swedish TV ad says Swedes must accept (Muslim) multiculturalism.
Swedes are told they need to give up their identity, their country, their culture, and their...
